background:
The 26S proteasome is a multicatalytic proteinase complex with a highly ordered structure composed of 2 complexes, a 20S core and a 19S regulator. The 20S core is composed of 4 rings of 28 non-identical subunits; 2 rings are composed of 7 alpha subunits and 2 rings are composed of 7 beta subunits. The 19S regulator is composed of a base, which contains 6 ATPase subunits and 2 non-ATPase subunits, and a lid, which contains up to 10 non-ATPase subunits. Proteasomes are distributed throughout eukaryotic cells at a high concentration and cleave peptides in an ATP/ubiquitin-dependent process in a non-lysosomal pathway. An essential function of a modified proteasome, the immunoproteasome, is the processing of class I MHC peptides. This gene encodes one of the ATPase subunits, a member of the triple-A family of ATPases that have chaperone-like activity. This subunit may compete with PSMC2 for binding to the HIV tat protein to regulate the interaction between the viral protein and the transcription complex. A pseudogene has been identified on chromosome 9. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
Function:
The 26S protease is involved in the ATP-dependent degradation of ubiquitinated proteins. The regulatory (or ATPase) complex confers ATP dependency and substrate specificity to the 26S complex (By similarity). In case of HISLV1 infection, suppresses Tat-mediated transactivation.
Subcellular Location:
Cytoplasm. Nucleus.
Post-translational modifications:
Sumoylated by UBE2I in response to MEKK1-mediated stimuli.
Similarity:
Belongs to the AAA ATPase family.
Database links:
Entrez Gene: 5702 Human
Entrez Gene: 19182 Mouse
Entrez Gene: 29677 Rat
Entrez Gene: 379370 Xenopus laevis
Omim: 186852 Human
SwissProt: P17196 Human
SwissProt: O88685 Mouse
SwissProt: Q63569 Rat
SwissProt: O42586 Xenopus laevis
Unigene: 250758 Human
Unigene: 289832 Mouse
Unigene: 11173 Rat
Important Note:
This product as supplied is intended for research use only, not for use in human, therapeutic or diagnostic applications.
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