background:
This gene encodes uromodulin, the most abundant protein in normal urine. Its excretion in urine follows proteolytic cleavage of the ectodomain of its glycosyl phosphatidylinosital-anchored counterpart that is situated on the luminal cell surface of the loop of Henle. Uromodulin may act as a constitutive inhibitor of calcium crystallization in renal fluids. Excretion of uromodulin in urine may provide defense against urinary tract infections caused by uropathogenic bacteria. Defects in this gene are associated with the autosomal dominant renal disorders medullary cystic kidney disease-2 (MCKD2) and familial juvenile hyperuricemic nephropathy (FJHN). These disorders are characterized by juvenile onset of hyperuricemia, gout, and progressive renal failure. While several transcript variants may exist for this gene, the full-length natures of only two have been described to date. These two represent the major variants of this gene and encode the same isoform. [provided by RefSeq]
Function:
Uromodulin: Functions in biogenesis and organization of the apical membrane of epithelial cells of the thick ascending limb of Henle's loop (TALH), where it promotes formation of complex filamentous gel-like structure providing the water barrier permeability. May serve as a receptor for binding and endocytosis for cytokines (IL-1, IL-2) and TNF. Facilitates neutrophil migration across renal epithelial (By similarity).
Uromodulin, secreted form: Secreted into urine after proteolytically cleaveage. Into the urine, may contribute to colloid osmotic pressure, retards passage of positively charged electrolytes, prevents urinary tract infection and modulates formation of supersaturated salts and their crystals.
Subcellular Location:
Apical cell membrane; Lipid-anchor, GPI-anchor. Basolateral cell membrane; Lipid-anchor, GPI-anchor. Cell projection, cilium membrane. Note=Only a small fraction is sorts to the basolateral pole of tubular epithelial cells compared to apical localization.
Uromodulin, secreted form: Secreted.
Post-translational modifications:
N-glycosylated.
Similarity:
Contains 3 EGF-like domains.
Contains 1 ZP domain.
Database links:
Entrez Gene: 7369 Human
Omim: 191845 Human
SwissProt: P07911 Human
SwissProt: Q5R5C1 Orangutan
Unigene: 654425 Human
Important Note:
This product as supplied is intended for research use only, not for use in human, therapeutic or diagnostic applications.
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