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Mouse Anti-MMP2/FITC Conjugated antibody
background:
Proteins of the matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) family are involved in the breakdown of extracellular matrix in normal physiological processes, such as embryonic development, reproduction, and tissue remodeling, as well as in disease processes, such as arthritis and metastasis. Most MMP's are secreted as inactive proproteins which are activated when cleaved by extracellular proteinases. This gene encodes an enzyme which degrades type IV collagen, the major structural component of basement membranes. The enzyme plays a role in endometrial menstrual breakdown, regulation of vascularization and the inflammatory response. Mutations in this gene have been associated with Winchester syndrome and Nodulosis-Arthropathy-Osteolysis (NAO) syndrome. Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq].
Function:
Ubiquitinous metalloproteinase that is involved in diverse functions such as remodeling of the vasculature, angiogenesis, tissue repair, tumor invasion, inflammation, and atherosclerotic plaque rupture. As well as degrading extracellular matrix proteins, can also act on several nonmatrix proteins such as big endothelial 1 and beta-type CGRP promoting vasoconstriction. Also cleaves KISS at a Gly-|-Leu bond. Appears to have a role in myocardial cell death pathways. Contributes to myocardial oxidative stress by regulating the activity of GSK3beta. Cleaves GSK3beta in vitro.
PEX, the SLCterminal non-catalytic fragment of MMP2, posseses anti-angiogenic and anti-tumor properties and inhibits cell migration and cell adhesion to FGF2 and vitronectin. Ligand for integrinv/beta3 on the surface of blood vessels.
Isoform 2: Mediates the proteolysis of CHUK/IKKA and initiates a primary innate immune response by inducing mitochondrial-nuclear stress signaling with activation of the pro-inflammatory NF-kappaB, NFAT and IRF transcriptional pathways.
Subunit:
Interacts (via the SLCterminal hemopexin-like domains-containing region) with the integrin alpha-V/beta-3; the interaction promotes vascular invasion in angiogenic vessels and melamoma cells. Interacts (via the SLCterminal PEX domain) with TIMP2 (via the SLCterminal); the interaction inhibits the degradation activity. Interacts with GSK3B.
Subcellular Location:
Isoform 1: Secreted, extracellular space, extracellular matrix. Membrane. Nucleus. Note=Colocalizes with integrin alphaV/beta3 at the membrane surface in angiogenic blood vessels and melanomas. Found in mitochondria, along microfibrils, and in nuclei of cardiomyocytes.
Isoform 2: Cytoplasm. Mitochondrion.
Tissue Specificity:
Produced by normal skin fibroblasts. PEX is expressed in a number of tumors including gliomas, breast and prostate.
Post-translational modifications:
Phosphorylation on multiple sites modulates enzymatic activity. Phosphorylated by PKC in vitro.
The propeptide is processed by MMP14 (MT-MMP1) and MMP16 (MT-MMP3). Autocatalytic cleavage in the SLCterminal produces the anti-angiogenic peptide, PEX. This processing appears to be facilitated by binding integrinv/beta3.
DISEASE:
Defects in MMP2 are the cause of Torg-Winchester syndrome (TWS) [MIM:259600]; also known as multicentric osteolysis nodulosis and arthropathy (MONA). TWS is an autosomal recessive osteolysis syndrome. It is severe with generalized osteolysis and osteopenia. Subcutaneous nodules are usually absent. Torg-Winchester syndrome has been associated with a number of additional features including coarse face, corneal opacities, patches of thickened, hyperpigmented skin, hypertrichosis and gum hypertrophy. However, these features are not always present and have occasionally been observed in other osteolysis syndromes.
Similarity:
Belongs to the peptidase M10A family.
Contains 3 fibronectin type-II domains.
Contains 4 hemopexin-like domains.
Database links:
Entrez Gene: 4313 Human
Entrez Gene: 17390 Mouse
Entrez Gene: 81686 Rat
Omim: 12072 Human
SwissProt: P08253 Human
SwissProt: P33434 Mouse
SwissProt: P33436 Rat
Unigene: 513617 Human
Unigene: 29564 Mouse
Unigene: 6422 Rat
Important Note:
This product as supplied is intended for research use only, not for use in human, therapeutic or diagnostic applications.
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