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Mouse Anti-Cytochrome C/FITC Conjugated antibody
background:
Cytochrome C is an electron transporting protein that resides within the intermembrane space of the mitochondria, where it plays a critical role in the process of oxidative phosphorylation and production of cellular ATP. An increasing amount of interest has been directed toward the role which cytocrome C has been demonstrated to play in apoptotic processes. Following exposure to apoptotic stimuli, cytochrome C is rapidly released from the mitochondria into the cytosol, an event which may be required for the completion of apoptosis in some systems. Cytosolic cytochrome C functions in the activation of caspase 3, an ICE family molecule that is a key effector of apoptosis.
Function:
Electron carrier protein. The oxidized form of the cytochrome c heme group can accept an electron from the heme group of the cytochrome c1 subunit of cytochrome reductase. Cytochrome c then transfers this electron to the cytochrome oxidase complex, the final protein carrier in the mitochondrial electron-transport chain.
Plays a role in apoptosis. Suppression of the anti-apoptotic members or activation of the pro-apoptotic members of the Bcl-2 family leads to altered mitochondrial membrane permeability resulting in release of cytochrome c into the cytosol. Binding of cytochrome c to Apaf-1 triggers the activation of caspase-9, which then accelerates apoptosis by activating other caspases.
Subcellular Location:
Mitochondrion intermembrane space. Note=Loosely associated with the inner membrane.
Post-translational modifications:
Binds 1 heme group per subunit.
Phosphorylation at Tyr-49 and Tyr-98 both reduce by half the turnover in the reaction with cytochrome c oxidase, down-regulating mitochondrial respiration.
DISEASE:
Defects in CYCS are the cause of thrombocytopenia type 4 (THC4) [MIM:62404]; also known as autosomal dominant thrombocytopenia type 4. Thrombocytopenia is the presence of relatively few platelets in blood. THC4 is a non-syndromic form of thrombocytopenia. Clinical manifestations of thrombocytopenia are absent or mild. THC4 may be caused by dysregulated platelet formation.
Similarity:
Belongs to the cytochrome c family.
Database links:
Entrez Gene: 54205 Human
Entrez Gene: 13063 Mouse
Entrez Gene: 25309 Rat
Omim: 123970 Human
SwissProt: P99999 Human
SwissProt: P62897 Mouse
SwissProt: P62898 Rat
Unigene: 437060 Human
Important Note:
This product as supplied is intended for research use only, not for use in human, therapeutic or diagnostic applications.
细胞色素C（cytC）是一种电子传递链蛋白为线粒体呼吸链必须的成份之一。在哺乳动物细胞中，如此高度保守性蛋白常分布在线立体内膜。
新近研究证明细胞浆中细胞色素C为激活细胞调亡所必需的因子。在调亡的过程中，细胞色素C从线立体膜被易位到细胞浆，由细胞色素C激活Caspase-3（CPP32）。
细胞色素C的易位可被过量表达的Bcl-2阻断。细胞色素B与细胞色素C1和Rieske蛋白相结合而形成复合物III（也称细胞色素B-C1复合物）参与细胞呼吸链。该蛋白动物种属间同源性较高；如 ：猪、犬、牛、鸡、豚鼠等。
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