Perilipin is an intracellular neutral lipid droplet protein that is hormonally regulated. This protein is localized exclusively to the surface of lipid droplets. In response to lypotic stimuli, perilipin is phosphorylated by protein kinase A. Once activated, perilipin has inhibitory affects upon hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL), a protein that mediates the hydrolysis of triacylglycerol, the major form of stored energy in the body. Perilipin expression is limited to adipocytes and steroidogenic cells. There are currently two known isoforms, Perilipin A and B. Both of these proteins are encoded by a single-copy gene and are the result of differential splicing events.
Function:
Perilipin A: Modulator of adipocyte lipid metabolism. Coats lipid storage droplets to protect them from breakdown by hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL). Its absence may result in leanness.
Perilipin B: May be involved in development and maintenance of adipose tissue.
Subunit:
Perilipin A: Interacts with ASHD5.
Subcellular Location:
Perilipin A: Lipid droplet. Note=Lipid droplet surface-associated.
Perilipin B: Membrane; Peripheral membrane protein.
Tissue Specificity:
Perilipin A: Adipocytes.
Perilipin B: Milk lipid globules.
Post-translational modifications:
Perilipin A: Major cAMP-dependent protein kinase-substrate in adipocytes, also dephosphorylated by PP1. When phosphorylated, may be maximally sensitive to HSL and when unphosphorylated, may play a role in the inhibition of lipolysis, by acting as a barrier in lipid droplet.
Perilipin B: Acylated; primarily with C14, C16 and C18 fatty acids.
DISEASE:
Perilipin A: Defects in PLIN1 are the cause of familial partial lipodystrophy type 4 (FPLD4) [MIM:613877]. FPLD4 is a form of lipodystrophy characterized by loss of subcutaneous adipose tissue primarily affecting the lower limbs, insulin-resistant diabetes mellitus, hypertriglyceridemia, and hypertension.
Perilipin B:
Similarity:
Perilipin A: Belongs to the perilipin family.
Perilipin B: Belongs to the perilipin family.
SWISS:
O6048
Gene ID:
5346
Database links:
Entrez Gene: 5346 Human
Entrez Gene: 103968 Mouse
Entrez Gene: 25629 Rat
Omim: 170290 Human
SwissProt: O6048 Human
SwissProt: Q8CGN5 Mouse
SwissProt: P43884 Rat
Unigene: 103253 Human
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Sample: HepG2 Cell (Human) Lysate at 30 ug
Primary: Anti-Perilipin A+B (SL6765R) at 1/300 dilution
Secondary: IRDye800CW Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG at 1/20000 dilution
Predicted band size: 54-56kD
Observed band size: 50kD
Sample:
Stomach (Mouse) Lysate at 40 ug
Primary: Anti-Perilipin A+B (SL6765R) at 1/1000 dilution
Secondary: IRDye800CW Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG at 1/20000 dilution
Predicted band size: 54-56 kD
Observed band size: 56 kD
This image was generously provided by James Fox, PhD. at the University of York. Immunostaining of perilipin-positive adipocytes (red) using Rabbit Anti-Perilipin A+B Polyclonal Antibody (SL6765R) in bone marrow of IL-7cre Rosa26-EYFP mice with DAPI (blue) nuclear counterstain.
Blank control: U937 (fixed with 2% paraformaldehyde (10 min)).
Primary Antibody:Rabbit Anti- Perilipin A+B antibody(SL6765R), Dilution: 0.2μg in 100 μL 1X PBS containing 0.5% BSA;
Isotype Control Antibody: Rabbit IgG(orange) ,used under the same conditions );
Secondary Antibody: Goat anti-rabbit IgG-PE(white blue), Dilution: 1:200 in 1 X PBS containing 0.5% BSA.
Blank control: MCF7(blue).
Primary Antibody: Rabbit Anti-Perilipin A+B/AF647 Conjugated antibody (SL6765R-AF647), Dilution: 5μg in 100 μL 1X PBS containing 0.5% BSA;
Isotype Control Antibody: Rabbit IgG/AF647(orange) ,used under the same conditions.
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