The hormone somatostatin has active 14 aa and 28 aa forms that are produced by alternate cleavage of the single preproprotein encoded by this gene. Somatostatin is expressed throughout the body and inhibits the release of numerous secondary hormones by binding to high-affinity G-protein-coupled somatostatin receptors. This hormone is an important regulator of the endocrine system through its interactions with pituitary growth hormone, thyroid stimulating hormone, and most hormones of the gastrointestinal tract. Somatostatin also affects rates of neurotransmission in the central nervous system and proliferation of both normal and tumorigenic cells. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008].
Function:
Somatostatin inhibits the release of somatotropin.
Subcellular Location:
Secreted.
Similarity:
Belongs to the somatostatin family.
SWISS:
P61278
Gene ID:
6750
Database links:
Entrez Gene: 396279 Chicken
Entrez Gene: 280932 Cow
Entrez Gene: 6750 Human
Entrez Gene: 20604 Mouse
Entrez Gene: 24797 Rat
Omim: 182450 Human
SwissProt: P33094 Chicken
SwissProt: P26917 Cow
SwissProt: P61278 Human
SwissProt: P60041 Mouse
SwissProt: P60042 Rat
Unigene: 1489 Human
Unigene: 34418 Rat
生长抑素是胰岛D细胞的一种多肽激素，主要用于胰岛细胞的功能性分类和消化道粘膜中内分泌细胞及肿瘤的研究。
生长抑素在体内分布广泛。在神经系统中，广泛存在于中枢和外周神经系统，在脑内以下丘脑正中隆起的浓度为最高。在新皮层，边缘系统下杏仁核，海马等部位也广泛存在，以皮层含量最高。在脊髓后根和三叉神经神经节内的一级神经元中，亦含生长抑素的免疫反应性物质。生长抑素广泛存在于胃肠道粘膜的“D”细胞，以胃窦和胃体最高，在肠内越往下含量越低。“D”细胞有长的胞浆突起，在幽门腺区止于G细胞和“嗜铬细胞”，在泌酸腺区止于壁细胞和其他上皮细胞。生长抑素通过旁分泌机制由突起释放到G细胞和壁细胞膜上，抑制胃泌素和HCI分泌，在胰腺内，生长抑素由胰岛“D”细胞分泌，通过血液循环对胰岛及消化道起作用，作为旁分泌调节胰岛功能。
生长抑素的生理作用为：抑制垂体生长激素、促甲状腺激素、促肾上腺皮质激素和催乳类的释放，也抑制各种胃肠激素的释放，抑制胃泌素、促胰液素、胆囊收缩素、胃动素、胰多肽、胰高血糖素、肠高血糖素等的释放。同时也抑制胃酸、胃蛋白酶、胰蛋白酶及唾液淀粉酶的分泌。
| Picture |
Tissue/cell: rat stomach tissue; 4% Paraformaldehyde-fixed and paraffin-embedded;
Antigen retrieval: citrate buffer ( 0.01M, pH 6.0 ), Boiling bathing for 15min; Block endogenous peroxidase by 3% Hydrogen peroxide for 30min; Blocking buffer (normal goat serum,SLC0005) at 37℃ for 20 min;
Incubation: Anti-Somatostatin/GRIH Polyclonal Antibody, Unconjugated(SL1132R) 1:200, overnight at 4°C, followed by conjugation to the secondary antibody(SP-0023) and DAB(SLC0010) staining
Paraformaldehyde-fixed, paraffin embedded (Mouse brain); Antigen retrieval by boiling in sodium citrate buffer (pH6.0) for 15min; Block endogenous peroxidase by 3% hydrogen peroxide for 20 minutes; Blocking buffer (normal goat serum) at 37°C for 30min; Antibody incubation with (Somatostatin 28) Polyclonal Antibody, Unconjugated (SL1132R) at 1:400 overnight at 4°C, followed by a conjugated Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG antibody (SL0295G-FITC) for 90 minutes, and DAPI for nuclei staining.
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