This gene encodes a DNA topoisomerase, an enzyme that controls and alters the topologic states of DNA during transcription. This nuclear enzyme is involved in processes such as chromosome condensation, chromatid separation, and the relief of torsional stress that occurs during DNA transcription and replication. It catalyzes the transient breaking and rejoining of two strands of duplex DNA which allows the strands to pass through one another, thus altering the topology of DNA. Two forms of this enzyme exist as likely products of a gene duplication event. The gene encoding this form, beta, is localized to chromosome 3 and the alpha form is localized to chromosome 17. The gene encoding this enzyme functions as the target for several anticancer agents and a variety of mutations in this gene have been associated with the development of drug resistance. Reduced activity of this enzyme may also play a role in ataxia-telangiectasia. Alternative splicing of this gene results in two transcript variants; however, the second variant has not yet been fully described. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
Function:
Control of topological states of DNA by transient breakage and subsequent rejoining of DNA strands. Topoisomerase II makes double-strand breaks. Indirectly ivolved in vitamin D-coupled transcription regulation via its association with the WINAC complex, a chromatin-remodeling complex recruited by vitamin D receptor (VDR), which is required for the ligand-bound VDR-mediated transrepression of the CYP27B1 gene.
Subunit:
Homodimer. Component of the WINAC complex, at least composed of SMARCA2, SMARCA4, SMARCB1, SMARCC1, SMARCC2, SMARCD1, SMARCE1, ACTL6A, BAZ1B/WSTF, ARID1A, SUPT16H, CHAF1A and TOP2B.
Subcellular Location:
Cytoplasm. Nucleus; nucleolus.
Post-translational modifications:
Phosphorylated upon DNA damage, probably by ATM or ATR.
Similarity:
Belongs to the type II topoisomerase family.
SWISS:
Q02176
Gene ID:
7155
Database links:
Entrez Gene: 7155 Human
Entrez Gene: 21974 Mouse
Entrez Gene: 85339 Rat
Omim: 126431 Human
SwissProt: O42131 Chicken
SwissProt: Q02176 Human
SwissProt: Q64511 Mouse
Unigene: 475733 Human
Unigene: 130362 Mouse
Unigene: 14405 Rat
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Paraformaldehyde-fixed, paraffin embedded (human colon carcinoma); Antigen retrieval by boiling in sodium citrate buffer (pH6.0) for 15min; Block endogenous peroxidase by 3% hydrogen peroxide for 20 minutes; Blocking buffer (normal goat serum) at 37°C for 30min; Antibody incubation with (Topoisomerase II beta) Polyclonal Antibody, Unconjugated (SL17324R) at 1:200 overnight at 4°C, followed by operating according to SP Kit(Rabbit) (sp-0023) instructionsand DAB staining.
Paraformaldehyde-fixed, paraffin embedded (rat brain); Antigen retrieval by boiling in sodium citrate buffer (pH6.0) for 15min; Block endogenous peroxidase by 3% hydrogen peroxide for 20 minutes; Blocking buffer (normal goat serum) at 37°C for 30min; Antibody incubation with (Topoisomerase II beta) Polyclonal Antibody, Unconjugated (SL17324R) at 1:200 overnight at 4°C, followed by operating according to SP Kit(Rabbit) (sp-0023) instructionsand DAB staining.
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