LEO1, parafibromin (CDC73; MIM 607393), CTR9 (MIM 609366), and PAF1 (MIM 610506) form the PAF protein complex that associates with the RNA polymerase II subunit POLR2A (MIM 36660) and with a histone methyltransferase complex (Rozenblatt-Rosen et al., 2005 [PubMed 1566463]).[supplied by OMIM, Mar 2008].
Function:
Component of the PAF1 complex (PAF1C) which has multiple functions during transcription by RNA polymerase II and is implicated in regulation of development and maintenance of embryonic stem cell pluripotency. PAF1C associates with RNA polymerase II through interaction with POLR2A CTD non-phosphorylated and 'Ser-2'- and 'Ser-5'-phosphorylated forms and is involved in transcriptional elongation, acting both indepentently and synergistically with TCEA1 and in cooperation with the DSIF complex and HTATSF1. PAF1C is required for transcription of Hox and Wnt target genes. PAF1C is involved in hematopoiesis and stimulates transcriptional activity of MLL1; it promotes leukemogenesis though association with MLL-rearranged oncoproteins, such as MLL-MLLT3/AF9 and MLL-MLLT1/ENL. PAF1C is involved in histone modifications such as ubiquitination of histone H2B and methylation on histone H3 'Lys-4' (H3K4me3). PAF1C recruits the RNF20/40 E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex and the E2 enzyme UBE2A or UBE2B to chromatin which mediate monoubiquitination of 'Lys-120' of histone H2B (H2BK120ub1); UB2A/B-mediated H2B ubiquitination is proposed to be coupled to transcription. PAF1C is involved in mRNA 3' end formation probably through association with cleavage and poly(A) factors. In case of infection by influenza A strain H3N2, PAF1C associates with viral NS1 protein, thereby regulating gene transcription. Involved in polyadenylation of mRNA precursors. Connects PAF1C to Wnt signaling.
Subunit:
Component of the PAF1 complex, which consists of CDC73, PAF1, LEO1, CTR9, RTF1 and WDR61. Interacts with TCEA1, SUPT5H and CTNNB1.
Subcellular Location:
Nucleus.
Tissue Specificity:
Highly expressed in skeletal muscle and heart. Weakly expressed in placenta and liver.
Similarity:
Belongs to the LEO1 family.
SWISS:
Q8WVC0
Gene ID:
123169
Database links:
Entrez Gene: 123169 Human
Entrez Gene: 235497 Mouse
Entrez Gene: 300837 Rat
Entrez Gene: 44727 Xenopus laevis
Omim: 610507 Human
SwissProt: Q8WVC0 Human
SwissProt: Q5XJE5 Mouse
SwissProt: Q128R1 Mouse
SwissProt: Q641X2 Rat
SwissProt: Q52KV5 Xenopus laevis
Unigene: 567662 Human
Unigene: 41508 Mouse
Unigene: 43195 Rat
Unigene: 78423 Xenopus laevis
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Tissue/cell: Rat brain tissue; 4% Paraformaldehyde-fixed and paraffin-embedded;
Antigen retrieval: citrate buffer ( 0.01M, pH 6.0 ), Boiling bathing for 15min; Block endogenous peroxidase by 3% Hydrogen peroxide for 30min; Blocking buffer (normal goat serum,SLC0005) at 37℃ for 20 min;
Incubation: Anti-LEO1 Polyclonal Antibody, Unconjugated(SL10030R) 1:200, overnight at 4°C, followed by conjugation to the secondary antibody(SP-0023) and DAB(SLC0010) staining
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