The repulsive guidance molecule (RGM) family of proteins are important in the guidance of growth cones of developing neurons. They are repulsive for a group of axons, those from the temporal half of the retina. RGM have been implicated in both axonal guidance and neural tube closure but as opposed to for ephrins, semaphorins, netrins and slits, no receptor mechanism for RGM activation has been defined. Dorsal root ganglion axons do not respond to RGM but neogenin (a netrin-binding protein which can function as an RGM receptor) expression can spur RGM responsiveness. The RGM proteins are attached to the membrane by a GPI-anchor. Two members of this family, RGMa and RGMb, are expressed in the nervous system. RGMc, also known as Hemojuvelin, is a part of the signaling pathway activating hepcidin and works together with hepcidin to restrict iron absorption in the gut. Defects in the gene encoding for RGMc causes the autosomal recessive disorder juvenile hemochromatosis (JH).
Function:
Member of the repulsive guidance molecule (RGM) family that contributes to the patterning of the developing nervous system (By similarity). Acts as a bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) coreceptor that potentiates BMP signaling (By similarity). Promotes neuronal adhesion (By similarity). May inhibit neurite outgrowth.
Subunit:
Homooligomer (By similarity). Interacts with DRGX (By similarity). Interacts with BMP2 and BMP4 (By similarity). Interacts with the BMP type I receptors ACVR1, BMPR1A and BMPR1B and with the BMP type II receptor ACVR2B
Subcellular Location:
Cell membrane; Lipid-anchor, GPI-anchor (By similarity). Membrane raft
Post-translational modifications:
GPI-anchored.
Similarity:
Belongs to the repulsive guidance molecule (RGM) family.
SWISS:
Q6NW40
Gene ID:
85704
Database links:
Entrez Gene: 285704 Human
Entrez Gene: 68799 Mouse
Omim: 612687 Human
SwissProt: Q6NW40 Human
SwissProt: Q7TQ33 Mouse
Unigene: 526902 Human
Unigene: 293466 Mouse
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