Sorting nexin 1 (SNX1) is a member of a large family of hydrophilic proteins that interact with a variety of receptor types and are involved in intracellular trafficking (1). SNX1 and the related splice variant, SNX1A, bind the epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor, facilitate its transport to lysosome, and thereby contribute to the degradation of the receptor (2,3). SNX2 and SNX4 share a high degree of amino acid similarity with SNX1, as they all contain a characteristic phox homology (PX) domain (4). These proteins are all partially associated with cellular membranes, and they, likewise, associate with EGF, PDGF and insulin receptor tyrosine kinases (2). These nexins are widely expressed and yet have various tissue distribution patterns. Additionally, the sorting nexins can associate with each other and with a variety of other cellular proteins, suggesting that they exist as part of multisubunit complexes (1,5). The related protein, SNX3, comprises a distinct subgroup of nexins that share less sequence similarity outside of the PX domain and have dramatically different binding affinities for the tyrosine kinase receptors (2,6).
Function:
May be involved in several stages of intracellular trafficking. Plays a role in macropinocytosis. Plays a role in the internalization of EGFR after EGF stimulation.
Subunit:
Interacts with SNX1; this promotes location at the endosome membrane.
Subcellular Location:
Early endosome membrane; Peripheral membrane protein; Cytoplasmic side. Cell membrane; Peripheral membrane protein; Cytoplasmic side. Cytoplasmic vesicle membrane; Peripheral membrane protein; Cytoplasmic side. Cytoplasm. Cell projection, phagocytic cup. Cell projection, ruffle. Note=Recruited to the plasma membrane after EGF stimulation, which leads to increased levels of phosphatidylinositol 3,4-bisphosphate (PdtIns(3,4)P2). Detected on macropinosomes. Targeted to membrane ruffles in response to EGFR stimulation.
Similarity:
Belongs to the sorting nexin family.
Contains 1 BAR domain.
Contains 1 PX (phox homology) domain.
SWISS:
Q9Y5X3
Gene ID:
27131
Database links:
Entrez Gene: 514423 Cow
Entrez Gene: 27131 Human
Entrez Gene: 69178 Mouse
Entrez Gene: 296199 Rat
Omim: 605937 Human
SwissProt: Q3ZBM5 Cow
SwissProt: Q9Y5X3 Human
SwissProt: Q9D8U8 Mouse
SwissProt: B1H267 Rat
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