The human retinoblastoma gene product appears to play an important role in the negative regulation of cell proliferation. Functional inactivation of Rb can be mediated either through mutation or as a consequence of interaction with DNA tumor virus-encoded proteins. Of all the Rb associations described to date, the identification of a complex between Rb and the transcription factor E2F most directly implicates Rb in regulation of cell proliferation. E2F was originally identified through its role in transcriptional activation of the adenovirus E2 promoter. Sequences homologous to the E2F binding site have been found upstream of a number of genes that encode proteins with putative functions in the G1 and S phases of the cell cycle. E2F-1 is a member of a broader family of transcription regulators including E2F-2, E2F-3, E2F-4, E2F-5, E2F-6 and E2F-7 each of which forms heterodimers with a second protein, DP-1, forming an “active” E2F transcriptional regulatory complex.
Function:
Along with E2F8, inhibitor of E2F-dependent transcription that is important for the control of the E2F1-TP53 apoptotic pathway. Directly represses E2F1 transcription (By similarity). Binds DNA independently of DP proteins through the E2 recognition site, 5'-TTTC[CG]CGSLC3'. Appears to regulate a subset of E2F-dependent genes whose products are required for normal cell cycle progession.
Subunit:
Homodimer and heterodimer: mainly forms homodimers and, to a lesser extent, heterodimers with E2F8. Dimerization is important for DNA-binding. Interacts with HIF1A.
Subcellular Location:
Nucleus.
Similarity:
Belongs to the E2F/DP family.
SWISS:
Q96AV8
Gene ID:
144455
Database links:
Entrez Gene: 144455 Human
Entrez Gene: 52679 Mouse
Entrez Gene: 314818 Rat
Omim: 612046 Human
SwissProt: E1BE02 Cow
SwissProt: Q96AV8 Human
SwissProt: Q6S7F2 Mouse
SwissProt: D4A4D7 Rat
Unigene: 416375 Human
Unigene: 11747 Mouse
Unigene: 211183 Rat
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