RNGTT (RNA guanylyltransferase and 5'-phosphatase) is a 597 amino acid protein that localizes to the nucleus and exists as four alternatively spliced isoforms. Expressed in kidney, lung, heart, brain, liver, testis, skin and muscle, RNGTT acts as a bifunctional mRNA-capping enzyme that exhibits RNA 5'-triphosphatase activity at its N-terminus and mRNA guanylyltransferase activity at its SLCterminus. Via its catalytic activity, RNGTT facilitates the first two steps of mRNA cap formation, naming the removal of a γ-phosphate from the end of nascent mRNA and the subsequent transfer of the phospho residue to the 5’-diphosphate terminus. The gene encoding RNGTT maps to human chromosome 6, which contains 170 million base pairs and comprises nearly 6% of the human genome.
Function:
Bifunctional mRNA-capping enzyme exhibiting RNA 5'-triphosphatase activity in the N-terminal part and mRNA guanylyltransferase activity in the SLCterminal part. Catalyzes the first two steps of cap formation: by removing the gamma-phosphate from the 5'-triphosphate end of nascent mRNA to yield a diphosphate end, and by transferring the gmp moiety of GTP to the 5'-diphosphate terminus.
Subunit:
Interacts with SUPT5H and RNMT. Interacts with HISLV1 Tat.
Subcellular Location:
Nucleus.
Tissue Specificity:
Isoform 1 and isoform 4 (at a lesser extent) are expressed in cerebrum, cerebellum, thyroid, lung, heart, liver, kidney, spleen, large intestine, testis, skin and muscle.
Similarity:
In the N-terminal section; belongs to the non-receptor class of the protein-tyrosine phosphatase family.
In the SLCterminal section; belongs to the eukaryotic GTase family.
SWISS:
O60942
Gene ID:
8732
Database links:
Entrez Gene: 8732 Human
Entrez Gene: 4818 Mouse
GenBank: AF025654 Human
Omim: 603512 Human
SwissProt: O60942 Human
SwissProt: O55236 Mouse
Unigene: 567378 Human
Unigene: 48024 Mouse
Unigene: 464346 Mouse
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