Isocitrate dehydrogenases catalyze the oxidative decarboxylation of isocitrate to 2-oxoglutarate. These enzymes belong to two distinct subclasses, one of which utilizes NAD(+) as the electron acceptor and the other NADP(+). Five isocitrate dehydrogenases have been reported: three NAD(+)-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenases, which localize to the mitochondrial matrix, and two NADP(+)-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenases, one of which is mitochondrial and the other predominantly cytosolic. NAD(+)-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenases catalyze the allosterically regulated rate-limiting step of the tricarboxylic acid cycle. Each isozyme is a heterotetramer that is composed of two alpha subunits, one beta subunit, and one gamma subunit. The protein encoded by this gene is the beta subunit of one isozyme of NAD(+)-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenase. Three alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been described for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008].
Subunit:
Heterooligomer of subunits alpha, beta, and gamma in the apparent ratio of 2:1:1 (By similarity).
Subcellular Location:
Mitochondrion.
DISEASE:
Retinitis pigmentosa 46 (RP46) [MIM:612572]: A retinal dystrophy belonging to the group of pigmentary retinopathies. Retinitis pigmentosa is characterized by retinal pigment deposits visible on fundus examination and primary loss of rod photoreceptor cells followed by secondary loss of cone photoreceptors. Patients typically have night vision blindness and loss of midperipheral visual field. As their condition progresses, they lose their far peripheral visual field and eventually central vision as well. Note=The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry.
Similarity:
Belongs to the isocitrate and isopropylmalate dehydrogenases family.
SWISS:
O43837
Gene ID:
3420
Database links:
Entrez Gene: 3420 Human
Entrez Gene: 170718 Mouse
Entrez Gene: 94173 Rat
Omim: 604526 Human
SwissProt: O43837 Human
SwissProt: Q68FX0 Rat
Unigene: 431285 Human
Unigene: 29590 Mouse
Unigene: 1093 Rat
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