Chp2 binds to and activates SLC9A1/NHE1 in a serum-independent manner, thus increasing pH and protecting cells from serum deprivation-induced death. It is expressed in malignantly transformed cells but not detected in normal tissues.
Function:
Functions as an integral cofactor in cell pH regulation by controlling plasma membrane-type Na(+)/H(+) exchange activity. Binds to and activates SLC9A1/NHE1 in a serum-independent manner, thus increasing pH and protecting cells from serum deprivation-induced death. Also plays a role in the regulation of cell proliferation and tumor growth by increasing the phosphatase activity of PPP3CA in a calcium-dependent manner. Activator of the calcineurin/NFAT signaling pathway. Involved in the cytoplasmic translocation of the transcription factor NFATC3 to the nucleus.
Subunit:
Interacts with PPP3CA. Interacts with SLC9A1/NHE1; the interaction occurs in a calcium-dependent manner.
Subcellular Location:
Nucleus. Cytoplasm. Cell membrane. Note=Predominantly localized in a juxtanuclear region. Colocalizes with SLC9A3 in the juxtanuclear region and at the plasma membrane (By similarity). Exported from the nucleus to the cytoplasm through a nuclear export signal (NES) pathway. May shuttle between nucleus and cytoplasm.
Tissue Specificity:
Expressed in malignantly transformed cells butvnot detected in normal tissues.
Similarity:
Belongs to the calcineurin regulatory subunit family. CHP subfamily.
Contains 4 EF-hand domains.
SWISS:
O43745
Gene ID:
63928
Database links:
Entrez Gene: 63928 Human
Entrez Gene: 308965 Rat
SwissProt: O43745 Human
SwissProt: Q9D869 Mouse
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