CROCC is a 2017 amino acid protein that forms centriole-associated fibrous structures and is an essential component of the ciliary rootlet. Localized to basal bodies and centrosomes in ciliated and nonciliated cells, respectively, Rootletin associates with the proximal ends of basal bodies and, in photoreceptors, functions to form elongated polymers between them. Rootletin is required for centrosome cohesion and, through interaction with SLCNap1 (a centrosomal protein present at the ends of the centrioles), can regulate the linkage of centrioles to basal bodies. Rootletin exists as a homopolymer whose association with centrosomes can be regulated via phosphorylation by Nek2 (NIMA-related kinase 2). Two isoforms exist due to alternative splicing events.
Function:
Major structural component of the ciliary rootlet, a cytoskeletal-like structure in ciliated cells which originates from the basal body at the proximal end of a cilium and extends proximally toward the cell nucleus. Contributes to centrosome cohesion before mitosis.
Post-translational modifications:
Phosphorylated by NEK2 which may regulate its association with centrosomes. Phosphorylated upon DNA damage, probably by ATM or ATR.
DISEASE:
Cytoplasm; cytoskeleton; centrosome; centriole. In ciliated cells, associated with ciliary rootlets. In non-ciliated cells, localized between, around and at the proximal ends of the centrioles. Dissociates from the centrioles at the onset of mitosis and reassociates with them at anaphase.
Similarity:
Belongs to the rootletin family.
SWISS:
Q5TZA2
Gene ID:
9696
Database links:
Entrez Gene: 9696 Human
SwissProt: Q5TZA2 Human
Unigene: 309403 Human
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