This gene encodes a member of the small SLCterminal domain phosphatase (SCP) family of nuclear phosphatases. These proteins play a role in transcriptional regulation through specific dephosphorylation of phosphoserine 5 within tandem heptapeptide repeats of the SLCterminal domain of RNA polymerase II. The encoded protein plays a role in neuronal gene silencing in non-neuronal cells, and may also inhibit osteoblast differentiation. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding multiple isoforms have been observed for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2011]
Function:
Preferentially catalyzes the dephosphorylation of 'Ser-5' within the tandem 7 residues repeats in the SLCterminal domain (CTD) of the largest RNA polymerase II subunit POLR2A. Negatively regulates RNA polymerase II transcription, possibly by controlling the transition from initiation/capping to processive transcript elongation. Recruited by REST to neuronal genes that contain RE-1 elements, leading to neuronal gene silencing in non-neuronal cells.
Subcellular Location:
Nucleus. Colocalizes with RNA polymerase II.
Tissue Specificity:
Expression is restricted to non-neuronal tissues. Highest expression in skeletal muscle, spleen, lung and placenta.
Similarity:
Contains 1 FCP1 homology domain.
SWISS:
Q9GZU7
Gene ID:
58190
Database links:
Entrez Gene: 58190 Human
Entrez Gene: 227292 Mouse
Omim: 605323 Human
SwissProt: Q9GZU7 Human
SwissProt: P58466 Mouse
Unigene: 444468 Human
Unigene: 165042 Mouse
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