The flavin-containing monooxygenases are NADPH-dependent enzymes that catalyze the oxidation of many drugs and xenobiotics. In most mammals, there is a flavin-containing monooxygenase that catalyzes the N-oxidation of some primary alkylamines through an N-hydroxylamine intermediate. However, in some human populations, this enzyme is truncated and likely degraded rapidly. The protein encoded by this gene represents the truncated form and apparently has no catalytic activity. A functional allele found in African Americans has been reported, but no sequence evidence has been deposited to support the finding. This gene is found in a cluster with the FMO1, FMO3, and FMO4 genes on chromosome 1. [provided by RefSeq, Jun 2013]
Function:
Catalyzes the N-oxidation of certain primary alkylamines to their oximes via an N-hydroxylamine intermediate. Inactive toward certain tertiary amines, such as imipramine or chloropromazine. Can catalyze the S-oxidation of methimazole. The truncated form is catalytically inactive.
Subcellular Location:
Microsome membrane. Endoplasmic reticulum membrane.
Tissue Specificity:
Expressed in lung (at protein level). Expressed predominantly in lung, and at a much lesser extent in kidney. Also expressed in fetal lung, but not in liver, kidney and brain.
Post-translational modifications:
The truncated form is probably unable to fold correctly and is rapidly degraded.
FMO2*1 is sumoylated at 'Lys-492'.
Similarity:
Belongs to the FMO family.
SWISS:
Q99518
Gene ID:
2327
Database links:
Entrez Gene: 2327 Human
Entrez Gene: 55990 Mouse
Entrez Gene: 100171693 Orangutan
Entrez Gene: 703639 Rhesus monkey
Omim: 603955 Human
SwissProt: Q8HZ70 Chimpanzee
SwissProt: Q8HZ69 Gorilla
SwissProt: P36366 Guinea pig
SwissProt: Q99518 Human
SwissProt: Q8K2I3 Mouse
SwissProt: Q5REK0 Orangutan
SwissProt: Q28505 Rhesus monkey
Unigene: 144912 Human
Unigene: 10929 Mouse
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