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Rabbit Anti-HSV1 gE Envelope Protein antibody
There are two main types of Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV), 1 and 2. The primary difference between the two types is in where they typically establish latency in the body. HSV1 usually establishes latency in the trigeminal ganglion, a collection of nerve cells near the ear. From there, it tends to recur on the lower lip or face causing cold sores. HSV2 usually resides in the sacral ganglion at the base of the spine. From there, it recurs in the genital area but even this difference is not absolute as in rare cases it can infect any part of the body, including the eyes. Up to 30% of genital herpes are also caused by HSV1. Both HSV1 and 2 are highly contagious through contact.
Function:
In epithelial cells, the heterodimer gE/gI is required for the cell-to-cell spread of the virus, by sorting nascent virions to cell junctions. Once the virus reaches the cell junctions, virus particles can spread to adjacent cells extremely rapidly through interactions with cellular receptors that accumulate at these junctions. Implicated in basolateral spread in polarized cells. In neuronal cells, gE/gI is essential for the anterograde spread of the infection throughout the host nervous system. Together with US9, the heterodimer gE/gI is involved in the sorting and transport of viral structural components toward axon tips.
The heterodimer gE/gI serves as a receptor for the Fc part of host IgG. Dissociation of gE/gI from IgG occurs at acidic pH. May thus be involved in anti-HSV antibodies bipolar bridging, followed by intracellular endocytosis and degradation, thereby interfering with host IgG-mediated immune responses (By similarity).
Subunit:
Interacts with gI; this interaction enhances the Fc receptor function of gE. The heterodimer gE/gI interacts with the Fc part of host IgG. Interacts (via SLCterminus) with VP22 tegument protein; this interaction is necessary for the recruitment of VP22 to the Golgi and its packaging into virions. Interacts (via SLCterminus) with UL11 tegument protein (By similarity).
[SUBCELLULAR LOCATION] Virion membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein. Host cell membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein (By similarity). Host cell junction. Host Golgi apparatus membrane; Single-pass membrane protein. Host endosome membrane; Single-pass membrane protein (Probable). Note=During virion morphogenesis, this protein probably accumulates in the endosomes and trans-Golgi where secondary envelopment occurs. It is probably transported to the cell surface from where it is endocytosed and directed to the trans-Golgi network (TGN), maybe through an interaction with PACS-1 sorting protein. The heterodimer gE/gI then redistributes to cell junctions to promote cell-cell spread later in the infection.
[PTM] Phosphorylated on serines within the acidic cluster (Potential). Phosphorylation determines whether endocytosed viral gE traffics to the trans-Golgi network or recycles to the cell membrane (Potential).
Post-translational modifications:
N-glycosylated, and sulfated.
Similarity:
Belongs to the alphaherpesvirinae glycoprotein E family.
SWISS:
Q703F0
Gene ID:
2703448
Database links:
Entrez Gene: 2703448 HHV1F
SwissProt: Q703F0 HHV1F
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