Stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD; EC 1.14.99.5) is an integral membrane protein of the endoplasmic reticulum that catalyzes the formation of monounsaturated fatty acids from saturated fatty acids. SCD may be a key regulator of energy metabolism with a role in obesity and dislipidemia. Four SCD isoforms, Scd1 through Scd4, have been identified in mouse. In contrast, only 2 SCD isoforms, SCD1 (MIM 604031) and SCD5, have been identified in human. SCD1 shares about 85% amino acid identity with all 4 mouse SCD isoforms, as well as with rat Scd1 and Scd2. In contrast, SCD5 shares limited homology with the rodent SCDs and appears to be unique to primates (Wang et al., 2005 [PubMed 15907797]).[supplied by OMIM, Mar 2008]
Function:
Fatty acid delta-9-desaturase that introduces a double bond in fatty acyl-coenzyme A at the delta-9 position.
Subcellular Location:
Endoplasmic reticulum membrane.
Tissue Specificity:
Detected in fetal brain, and at lower levels in fetal kidney. Detected in adult brain and pancreas, and at lower levels in kidney and lung.
Similarity:
Belongs to the fatty acid desaturase family.
SWISS:
Q86SK9
Gene ID:
79966
Database links:
Entrez Gene: 79966 Human
Omim: 608370 Human
SwissProt: Q86SK9 Human
Unigene: 379191 Human
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