Herpes simplex type 1 (HSSLV1) belongs to a family that includes HSSLV2, Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and Varicella zoster (chicken pox) virus amongst others. HSSLV1 and HSSLV2 are extremely difficult to distinguish from each other. Members of this family have a characteristic virion structure. The double stranded DNA genome is contained within an icosahedral capsid embedded in a proteinaceous layer (tegument) and surrounded by a lipid envelope, derived from the nuclear membrane of the last host, which is decorated with virus-specific glycoproteins spikes. These viruses are capable of entering a latent phase where the host shows no visible sign of infection and levels of infectious agent become very low. During the latent phase the viral DNA is integrated into the genome of the host cell. Glycoprotein D (gD) has been implicated in binding to cellular receptors that facilitate virus penetration into cells. Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSSLV1) glycoprotein D (gD) is an essential component of the entry apparatus that is responsible for viral penetration and subsequent cell-cell spread.
Function:
Envelope glycoprotein that binds to the potential host cell entry receptors TNFRSF14/HVEM, PVRL1 and 3-O-sulfated heparin sulfate. May trigger fusion with host membrane, by recruiting the fusion machinery composed of gB and gH/gL (By similarity). {ECO:0000250}.
Subunit:
Homodimer (By similarity). Interacts with host receptor TNFRSF14. Interacts with host receptor PVRL1. Interacts (via profusion domain) with gB; this interaction occurs in the absence of gH/gL. Interacts (via profusion domain) with gH/gL heterodimer; this interaction occurs in the absence of gB. Associates with the gB-gH/gL-gD complex. Interacts (via SLCterminus) with UL11 tegument protein (By similarity). {ECO:0000250}.
Subcellular Location:
Virion membrane {ECO:0000250}; Single-pass type I membrane protein {ECO:0000250}. Note=During virion morphogenesis, this protein probably accumulates in the endosomes and trans-Golgi where secondary envelopment occurs. {ECO:0000250}.
Similarity:
Belongs to the herpesviridae glycoprotein D family.
SWISS:
N/A
Gene ID:
N/A
Database links:
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: Q15431.2
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