Velis are a family of small synaptic proteins that interact with other proteins at the post-synaptic density (PSD) of neuronal synapses. Velis contain the PDZ motif involved in recruiting cell adhesion molecules, receptors, and channels. Veli1 (also designated Lin-7A and MALS-1), Veli2 (also designated Lin-7B and MALS-2), and Veli3 (also designated Lin-7C and MALS-3) are mammalian homologs of C. elegans LIN-7. Veli proteins are ubiquitously expressed with high expression in brain, liver, and testis. Velis are localized at the synaptic junctions in neurons. Velis bind to CASK, a neurexin-binding protein highly concentrated in synapses, and Mint1, a binding partner with a vesicle trafficking protein.
Function:
Plays a role in establishing and maintaining the asymmetric distribution of channels and receptors at the plasma membrane of polarized cells. Forms membrane-associated multiprotein complexes that may regulate delivery and recycling of proteins to the correct membrane domains. The tripartite complex composed of LIN7 (LIN7A, LIN7B or LIN7C), CASK and APBA1 may have the potential to couple synaptic vesicle exocytosis to cell adhesion in brain. Ensures the proper localization of GRIN2B (subunit 2B of the NMDA receptor) to neuronal postsynaptic density and may function in localizing synaptic vesicles at synapses where it is recruited by beta-catenin and cadherin. Required to localize Kir2 channels, GABA transporter (SLC6A12) and EGFR/ERBB1, ERBB2, ERBB3 and ERBB4 to the basolateral membrane of epithelial cells.
Subcellular Location:
Cell membrane. Basolateral cell membrane. Cell junction. Cell junction > synapse > postsynaptic cell membrane > postsynaptic density. Cell junction > tight junction. Cell junction > synapse > synaptosome. Enriched in synaptosomes and at epithelial cell-cell junctions (By similarity). Mainly basolateral in renal epithelial cells.
Tissue Specificity:
Expressed in brain, testis, kidney, placenta and liver.
Similarity:
Belongs to the lin-7 family.
Contains 1 L27 domain.
Contains 1 PDZ (DHR) domain.
SWISS:
O14910
Gene ID:
8825
Database links:
Entrez Gene: 8825 Human
Entrez Gene: 108030 Mouse
Entrez Gene: 85327 Rat
Omim: 603380 Human
SwissProt: O14910 Human
SwissProt: Q8JZS0 Mouse
SwissProt: Q9Z250 Rat
Unigene: 144333 Human
Unigene: 53625 Mouse
Unigene: 31766 Rat
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