This gene encodes a member of the latrophilin subfamily of G-protein coupled receptors (GPCR). Latrophilins may function in both cell adhesion and signal transduction. In experiments with non-human species, endogenous proteolytic cleavage within a cysteine-rich GPS (G-protein-coupled-receptor proteolysis site) domain resulted in two subunits (a large extracellular N-terminal cell adhesion subunit and a subunit with substantial similarity to the secretin/calcitonin family of GPCRs) being non-covalently bound at the cell membrane. Latrophilin-1 has been shown to recruit the neurotoxin from black widow spider venom, alpha-latrotoxin, to the synapse plasma membrane. Alternative splicing results in multiple variants encoding distinct isoforms.[provided by RefSeq, Oct 2008]
Function:
Calcium-independent receptor of high affinity for alpha-latrotoxin, an excitatory neurotoxin present in black widow spider venom which triggers massive exocytosis from neurons and neuroendocrine cells. Receptor for TENM2 that mediates heterophilic synaptic cell-cell contact and postsynaptic specialization. Receptor propably implicated in the regulation of exocytosis.
Subcellular Location:
Cell membrane. Cell projection; axon. Cell projection; growth cone. Cell junction; synapse. Cell junction; synapse; presynaptic cell membrane. Cell junction; synapse; synaptosome. Colocalizes with TENM2 on the cell surface, across intercellular junctions and on nerve terminals near synaptic clefts.
Post-translational modifications:
Autoproteolytically cleaved into 2 subunits, an extracellular subunit and a seven-transmembrane subunit. This proteolytic processing takes place early in the biosynthetic pathway, either in the endoplasmic reticulum or in the early compartment of the Golgi apparatus.
Similarity:
Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 2 family.
LN-TM7 subfamily.
Contains 1 GPS domain.
Contains 1 olfactomedin-like domain.
Contains 1 SUEL-type lectin domain.
SWISS:
O94910
Gene ID:
22859
Database links:
Entrez Gene: 22859 Human
Entrez Gene: 788252 Cow
Entrez Gene: 330814 Mouse
Entrez Gene: 100514215 Pig
Entrez Gene: 65096 Rat
SwissProt: O97831 Cow
SwissProt: O94910 Human
SwissProt: Q80TR1 Mouse
SwissProt: O88917 Rat
Unigene: 94229 Human
Unigene: 260733 Mouse
Unigene: 10776 Rat
| Picture |
Paraformaldehyde-fixed, paraffin embedded (rat kidney); Antigen retrieval by boiling in sodium citrate buffer (pH6.0) for 15min; Block endogenous peroxidase by 3% hydrogen peroxide for 20 minutes; Blocking buffer (normal goat serum) at 37°C for 30min; Antibody incubation with (LPHN1) Polyclonal Antibody, Unconjugated (SL18348R) at 1:200 overnight at 4°C, followed by operating according to SP Kit(Rabbit) (sp-0023) instructionsand DAB staining.
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