Relevance:
Herpes simplex virus 1 and 2 (HSSLV1 and HSSLV2) are two species of the herpes virus family, Herpesviridae, which cause infections in humans. They are also called Human Herpes Virus 1 and 2 (HHSLV1 and HHSLV2) and are neurotropic and neuroinvasive viruses; they enter and hide in the human nervous system, accounting for their durability in the human body. Under a microscope, HSSLV 1 and 2 are virtually identical, sharing approximately 50% of their DNA. Both types infect the body's mucosal surfaces, usually the mouth or genitals, and then establish latency in the nervous system. HSSLV1 is commonly associated with herpes outbreaks of the face known as cold sores or fever blisters, whereas HSSLV2 is more often associated with genital herpes. Herpes simplex viruses (HSV) use multiple and sequential receptors to enter host cells. HSV glycoprotein D (gD) has been implicated in binding to cellular receptors that facilitate virus penetration into cells. Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSSLV1) glycoprotein D (gD) is an essential component of the entry apparatus that is responsible for viral penetration and subsequent cell-cell spread.
Function:
Envelope glycoprotein that binds to the potential host cell entry receptors TNFRSF14/HVEM, PVRL1 and 3-O-sulfated heparin sulfate. May trigger fusion with host membrane, by recruiting the fusion machinery composed of gB and gH/gL. {ECO:0000250}.
Subunit:
Homodimer. Interacts with host receptor TNFRSF14. Interacts with host receptor PVRL1. Interacts (via profusion domain) with gB; this interaction occurs in the absence of gH/gL. Interacts (via profusion domain) with gH/gL heterodimer; this interaction occurs in the absence of gB. Associates with the gB-gH/gL-gD complex. Interacts (via SLCterminus) with UL11 tegument protein. {ECO:0000250}.
Subcellular Location:
Virion membrane {ECO:0000250}; Single-pass type I membrane protein {ECO:0000250}. Note=During virion morphogenesis, this protein probably accumulates in the endosomes and trans-Golgi where secondary envelopment occurs. {ECO:0000250}.
Similarity:
Belongs to the herpesviridae glycoprotein D family.
SWISS:
N/A
Gene ID:
N/A
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