NEIL3 belongs to a class of DNA glycosylases homologous to the bacterial Fpg/Nei family. These glycosylases initiate the first step in base excision repair by cleaving bases damaged by reactive oxygen species and introducing a DNA strand break via the associated lyase reaction (Bandaru et al., 2002 [PubMed 12509226]).[supplied by OMIM, Mar 2008]
Function:
Reports about DNA glycosylase activity are contradictory. A number of references report finding no DNA glycosylase activity and the protein lacks a proline residue at the N-terminus which functions as an active site residue in other members of the FPG family. However, the mouse ortholog has been shown to have both DNA glycosylase and AP lyase activities and PubMed:19170771 demonstrates AP lyase activity. Prefers single-stranded DNA or partially single-stranded DNA structures such as bubble and fork structures to double-stranded DNA in vitro. Displays a broad recognition spectrum, preferring FapyA and FapyG followed by 5-OHU, 5-PHC and 5-OHMH and then Tg and 8-oxoA. No activity on 8-oxoG detected.
Subcellular Location:
Nucleus.
Tissue Specificity:
Detected in thymus and testis. Expressed at higher levels in tumor tissue than in the corresponding normal tissues except for pancreas and testis where expression is higher in normal than tumor tissue.
Similarity:
Belongs to the FPG family.
Contains 1 FPG-type zinc finger.
Contains 1 RanBP2-type zinc finger.
SWISS:
Q8TAT5
Gene ID:
55247
Database links:
Entrez Gene: 55247 Human
Entrez Gene: 234258 Mouse
Entrez Gene: 290729 Rat
Omim: 608934 Human
SwissProt: Q8TAT5 Human
SwissProt: Q8K203 Mouse
SwissProt: D3ZKJ8 Rat
Unigene: 405467 Human
Unigene: 281749 Mouse
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