NEIL2 belongs to a class of DNA glycosylases homologous to the bacterial Fpg/Nei family. These glycosylases initiate the first step in base excision repair by cleaving bases damaged by reactive oxygen species and introducing a DNA strand break via the associated lyase reaction (Bandaru et al., 2002 [PubMed 12509226])[supplied by OMIM, Mar 2008]
Function:
Involved in base excision repair of DNA damaged by oxidation or by mutagenic agents. Has DNA glycosylase activity towards 5-hydroxyuracil and other oxidized derivatives of cytosine with a preference for mismatched double stranded DNA (DNA bubbles). Has low or no DNA glycosylase activity towards thymine glycol, 2-hydroxyadenine, hypoxanthine and 8-oxoguanine. Has AP (apurinic/apyrimidinic) lyase activity and introduces nicks in the DNA strand. Cleaves the DNA backbone by beta-delta elimination to generate a single-strand break at the site of the removed base with both 3'- and 5'-phosphates.
Subcellular Location:
Nucleus.
Tissue Specificity:
Detected in testis, skeletal muscle, heart, brain, placenta, lung, pancreas, kidney and liver.
Similarity:
Belongs to the FPG family.
Contains 1 FPG-type zinc finger.
SWISS:
Q969S2
Gene ID:
252969
Database links:
Entrez Gene: 252969 Human
Entrez Gene: 382913 Mouse
Entrez Gene: 305957 Rat
Omim: 608933 Human
SwissProt: Q6IE77 Cow
SwissProt: Q969S2 Human
SwissProt: Q6R2P8 Mouse
Unigene: 293818 Human
Unigene: 239490 Mouse
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