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Rabbit Anti-NMRAL1 antibody
HSCARG is a 299 amino acid redox sensor protein that belongs to the NmrA-type oxidoreductase family. Localizing primarily to the cytoplasm and perinuclear region, HSCARG localization to the nucleus may occur with increased intracellular nitric oxide and reduced NADPH/NADP+ ratios. Existing as a homodimer, HSCARG interacts with ASS1, inhibiting ASS1 activity in the presence of low NADPH/NADP+ ratios. HSCARG gets induced by nitric oxide, cGMP and proinflammatory cytokines. The gene encoding HSCARG maps to human chromosome 16p13.3 and mouse chromosome 16 A1. Overexpression of the gene encoding HSCARG results in increased cell viability.
Function:
Redox sensor protein. Undergoes restructuring and subcellular redistribution in response to changes in intracellular NADPH/NADP(+) levels. At low NADPH concentrations the protein is found mainly as a monomer, and binds argininosuccinate synthase (ASS1), the enzyme involved in nitric oxide synthesis. Association with ASS1 impairs its activity and reduces the production of nitric oxide, which subsecuently prevents apoptosis. Under normal NADPH concentrations, the protein is found as a dimer and hides the binding site for ASS1. The homodimer binds one molecule of NADPH. Has higher affinity for NADPH than for NADP(+). Binding to NADPH is necessary to form a stable dimer.
Subcellular Location:
Cytoplasm. Cytoplasm > perinuclear region. Nucleus. Under normal redox growth conditions localizes in the cytoplasm and perinuclear region. Nuclear localization is promoted by increased intracellular nitric oxide and reduced NADPH/NADP(+) ratios.
Similarity:
Belongs to the NmrA-type oxidoreductase family.
SWISS:
Q9HBL8
Gene ID:
57407
Database links:
Entrez Gene: 57407 Human
Entrez Gene: 67824 Mouse
Entrez Gene: 287063 Rat
SwissProt: Q9HBL8 Human
SwissProt: Q8K2T1 Mouse
SwissProt: P86172 Rat
Unigene: 288969 Human
Unigene: 372705 Mouse
Unigene: 138656 Rat
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