This gene encodes a novel member of the neuregulin family of growth and differentiation factors. Through interaction with the ERBB family of receptors, this protein induces the growth and differentiation of epithelial, neuronal, glial, and other types of cells. The gene consists of 12 exons and the genomic structure is similar to that of neuregulin 1, another member of the neuregulin family of ligands. The products of these genes mediate distinct biological processes by acting at different sites in tissues and eliciting different biological responses in cells. This gene is located close to the region for demyelinating Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease locus, but is not responsible for this disease. Alternative transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been described. [provided by RefSeq, May 2010]
Function:
Direct ligand for ERBB3 and ERBB4 tyrosine kinase receptors. Concomitantly recruits ERBB1 and ERBB2 coreceptors, resulting in ligand-stimulated tyrosine phosphorylation and activation of the ERBB receptors. May also promote the heterodimerization with the EGF receptor.
Subcellular Location:
Secreted and Cell membrane. Does not seem to be active.
Tissue Specificity:
Restricted to the cerebellum in the adult.
Post-translational modifications:
Proteolytic cleavage close to the plasma membrane on the external face leads to the release of the soluble growth factor form.
Extensive glycosylation precedes the proteolytic cleavage.
Similarity:
Belongs to the neuregulin family.
Contains 1 EGF-like domain.
Contains 1 Ig-like C2-type (immunoglobulin-like) domain.
SWISS:
O14511
Gene ID:
9542
Database links:
Entrez Gene: 9542 Human
Entrez Gene: 100042150 Mouse
Entrez Gene: 432361 Rat
Omim: 603818 Human
SwissProt: O14511 Human
SwissProt: P56974 Mouse
SwissProt: O35569 Rat
Unigene: 408515 Human
Unigene: 380390 Mouse
Unigene: 22434 Rat
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