The 26S proteasome is a multicatalytic proteinase complex with a highly ordered structure composed of 2 complexes, a 20S core and a 19S regulator. The 20S core is composed of 4 rings of 28 non-identical subunits; 2 rings are composed of 7 alpha subunits and 2 rings are composed of 7 beta subunits. The 19S regulator is composed of a base, which contains 6 ATPase subunits and 2 non-ATPase subunits, and a lid, which contains up to 10 non-ATPase subunits. Proteasomes are distributed throughout eukaryotic cells at a high concentration and cleave peptides in an ATP/ubiquitin-dependent process in a non-lysosomal pathway. This gene encodes a member of the proteasome subunit S9 family that functions as a non-ATPase subunit of the 19S regulator and is phosphorylated by AMP-activated protein kinase. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been observed for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2012]
Function:
Component of the lid subcomplex of the 26S proteasome, a multiprotein complex involved in the ATP-dependent degradation of ubiquitinated proteins. In the complex, PSMD11 is required for proteasome assembly. Plays a key role in increased proteasome activity in embryonic stem cells (ESCs): its high expression in ESCs promotes enhanced assembly of the 26S proteasome, followed by higher proteasome activity.
Subcellular Location:
Nucleus. Cytoplasm > cytosol.
Tissue Specificity:
Highly expressed in embryonic stem cells (ESCs). Expression decreases as ESCs differentiate.
Post-translational modifications:
Phosphorylated by AMPK.
Similarity:
Belongs to the proteasome subunit S9 family.
Contains 1 PCI domain.
SWISS:
O00231
Gene ID:
5717
Database links:
Entrez Gene: 513461 Cow
Entrez Gene: 96610 Dog
Entrez Gene: 5717 Human
Entrez Gene: 69077 Mouse
Entrez Gene: 303353 Rat
Entrez Gene: 322265 Zebrafish
Omim: 604449 Human
SwissProt: Q2KI42 Cow
SwissProt: O00231 Human
SwissProt: Q8BG32 Mouse
SwissProt: F1LMZ8 Rat
Unigene: 443379 Human
Unigene: 260539 Mouse
Unigene: 11861 Rat
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