PRMTs are a family of proteins that either monomethylate or dimethylate the guanidino nitrogen atoms of arginine side chains. PRMT1 methylates Histone H4 on R3 and acts synergistically with p300/CBP to enhance transcriptional activation by nuclear receptors. PRMT1 also methylates a number of non-histone proteins such as the orphan nuclear receptor HNF4, components of the heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein (hnRNP) particle, interleukin enhancer-binding factor 3 (ILF3), and interferon alpha and beta receptors. This suggests roles for PRMT1 in transcriptional regulation, mRNA processing and signal transduction. PRMT1 is also a coactivator for p53, methylating histone H4 to facilitate p53-mediated transcription.
Function:
Arginine methyltransferase that methylates (mono and asymmetric dimethylation) the guanidino nitrogens of arginyl residues present in proteins such as ESR1, histone H2, H3 and H4, PIAS1, HNRNPA1, HNRNPD, NFATC2IP, SUPT5H, TAF15 and EWS. Constitutes the main enzyme that mediates monomethylation and asymmetric dimethylation of histone H4 'Arg-4' (H4R3me1 and H4R3me2a, respectively), a specific tag for epigenetic transcriptional activation. Together with dimethylated PIAS1, represses STAT1 transcriptional activity, in the late phase of interferon gamma (IFN-gamma) signaling. May be involved in the regulation of TAF15 transcriptional activity, act as an activator of estrogen receptor (ER)-mediated transactivation, play a key role in neurite outgrowth and act as a negative regulator of megakaryocytic differentiation, by modulating p38 MAPK pathway. Methylates FOXO1 and retains it in the nucleus increasing its transcriptional acivity.
Subunit:
Homodimer and heterodimer with PRMT8. Individual homodimers can associate to form a homohexamer. Interacts with BTG1, BTG2, NFATC2IP and IFNAR1 (By similarity). Interacts with and methylates CHTOP, thereby enabling the interaction of CHTOP with the 5FMC complex (By similarity). Interacts with ILF3 and SUPT5H. Interacts with and methylates FOXO1, leading to the nuclear retention of FOXO1 and the stimulation of FOXO1 transcriptional activity. Methylation of FOXO1 is increased upon oxidative stress.
Subcellular Location:
Nucleus. Nucleus, nucleoplasm. Cytoplasm, cytosol. Note=Mostly found in the cytoplasm. Colocalizes with CHTOP within the nucleus. Low levels detected also in the chromatin fraction.
Tissue Specificity:
Widely expressed.
Similarity:
Belongs to the protein arginine N-methyltransferase family.
SWISS:
Q99873
Gene ID:
3276
Database links:
Entrez Gene: 476411 Dog
Entrez Gene: 3276 Human
Entrez Gene: 15469 Mouse
Entrez Gene: 60421 Rat
Omim: 602950 Human
SwissProt: Q99873 Human
SwissProt: Q9JIF0 Mouse
SwissProt: Q63009 Rat
Unigene: 20521 Human
Unigene: 27545 Mouse
Unigene: 5870 Rat
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