The enzyme encoded by this gene catalyzes the elimination of inorganic triphosphate from dihydroneopterin triphosphate, which is the second and irreversible step in the biosynthesis of tetrahydrobiopterin from GTP. Tetrahydrobiopterin, also known as SH(4), is an essential cofactor and regulator of various enzyme activities, including enzymes involved in serotonin biosynthesis and NO synthase activity. Mutations in this gene result in hyperphenylalaninemia. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2008]
Function:
Involved in the biosynthesis of tetrahydrobiopterin, an essential cofactor of aromatic amino acid hydroxylases. Catalyzes the transformation of 7,8-dihydroneopterin triphosphate into 6-pyruvoyl tetrahydropterin.
Post-translational modifications:
Phosphorylation of Ser-19 is required for maximal enzyme activity.
DISEASE:
Defects in PTS are the cause of SH4-deficient hyperphenylalaninemia type A (HPASH4A) [MIM:261128]; also called 6-pyruvoyl-tetrahydropterin synthase deficiency (PTS deficiency) or hyperphenylalaninemia tetrahydrobiopterin-deficient due to PTS deficiency. HPASH4A is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by depletion of the neurotransmitters dopamine and serotonin, and clinically by severe neurological symptoms unresponsive to the classic phenylalanine-low diet.
Similarity:
Belongs to the PTPS family.
SWISS:
Q03393
Gene ID:
5805
Database links:
Entrez Gene: 5805 Human
GenBank: NP_000308.1 Human
Omim: 612719 Human
SwissProt: Q03393 Human
Unigene: 503860 Human
|
|
