This gene encodes a member of the proline-rich protein family. The encoded protein has multiple proposed functions, including roles in pain suppression, penile erection, and protection of the eye surface. The QRFSR pentapeptide, known as opiorphin, is derived from the N-terminal of this protein. Opiorphin inhibits the enkephalin-inactivating peptidases neprilysin and aminopeptidase N, and this activity is thought to reduce sensitivity to painful stimuli by effecting enkephalin-related activation of opioid-dependent pathways. Opiorphin may also act as an anti-depressant. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Nov 2014].
Function:
Opiorphin is an endogenous inhibitor of neprilysin and aminopeptidase N. Inhibits the breakdown of substance P, Mca-BK2 and Met-enkephalin by neprilysin in vitro with IC(50) values of 29 uM, 33 uM and 33 uM respectively. Inhibits the breakdown of Ala-pNA by aminopeptidase N in vitro with an IC(50) of 65 uM. Has a potent analgesic effect when administered to rats by intravenous injection.
Subcellular Location:
Secreted.
Tissue Specificity:
Abundantly expressed in lacrimal gland where it found in the secretory endpieces. Also expressed at modest levels in the submandibular gland.
Similarity:
Belongs to the PROL1/PROL3 family.
SWISS:
Q99935
Gene ID:
58503
Database links:
Entrez Gene: 58503 Human
Omim: 608936 Human
SwissProt: Q99935 Human
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