The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the G-protein coupled receptor 2 family. This protein is a receptor for parathyroid hormone (PTH). This receptor is more selective in ligand recognition and has a more specific tissue distribution compared to parathyroid hormone receptor 1 (PTHR1). It is activated only by PTH and not by parathyroid hormone-like hormone (PTHLH) and is particularly abundant in brain and pancreas. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Jan 2013]
Function:
This is a specific receptor for parathyroid hormone. The activity of this receptor is mediated by G proteins which activate adenylyl cyclase. PTH2R may be responsible for PTH effects in a number of physiological systems. It may play a significant role in pancreatic function. PTH2R presence in neurons indicates that it may function as a neurotransmitter receptor.
Subunit:
Interacts (via N-terminal extracellular domain) with PTHLH and PTH. Homodimer in the absence of bound ligand. Peptide hormone binding leads to dissociation of the homodimer. Interacts (via SLCterminus) with the heterodimer formed by GNG2 and GNB1.
Subcellular Location:
Cell membrane.
Tissue Specificity:
Expressed abundantly in brain and pancreas. Also expressed in the testis.
DISEASE:
The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry.
Disease description:Rare autosomal dominant disorder characterized by a short-limbed dwarfism associated with hypercalcemia and normal or low serum concentrations of the two parathyroid hormones.
Similarity:
Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 2 family.
SWISS:
P49190
Gene ID:
5746
Database links:
Entrez Gene: 5746 Human
Entrez Gene: 213527 Mouse
Entrez Gene: 81753 Rat
Omim: 601469 Human
SwissProt: P49190 Human
SwissProt: Q91V95 Mouse
SwissProt: P70555 Rat
Unigene: 570296 Human
Unigene: 294225 Mouse
Unigene: 10601 Rat
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