The zona pellucida is an extracellular matrix that surrounds the oocyte and early embryo. It is composed of three glycoproteins with various functions during fertilization and preimplantation development. The glycosylated mature peptide is one of the structural components of the zona pellucida and functions in secondary binding and penetration of acrosome-reacted spermatozoa. Female mice lacking this gene do not form a stable zona matrix and are sterile. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Feb 2014]
Function:
The mammalian zona pellucida, which mediates species-specific sperm binding, induction of the acrosome reaction and prevents post-fertilization polyspermy, is composed of three to four glycoproteins, ZP1, ZP2, ZP3, and ZP4. ZP2 may act as a secondary sperm receptor.
Subunit:
Polymers of ZP2 and ZP3 organized into long filaments cross-linked by ZP1 homodimers.
Subcellular Location:
Cell membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein.
Processed zona pellucida sperm-binding protein 2: Secreted, extracellular space, extracellular matrix. Note=The glycoproteinaceous translucent extracellular matrix that surrounds the mammalian oocyte is called zona pellucida.
Tissue Specificity:
Oocytes.
DISEASE:
Proteolytically cleaved before the transmembrane segment to yield the secreted ectodomain incorporated in the zona pellucida.
Proteolytically cleaved in the N-terminal part after fertilization, yielding a N-terminal peptide of about 30 kDa which remains covalently attached to the SLCterminal peptide via disulfide bond(s). This cleavage may play an important role in the post-fertilization block to polyspermy.
O-glycosylated; contains sulfate-substituted glycans.
Similarity:
Belongs to the ZP domain family.
ZPA subfamily.
Contains 1 ZP domain.
SWISS:
Q05996
Gene ID:
7783
Database links:
Entrez Gene: 7783 Human
Omim: 182888 Human
SwissProt: Q05996 Human
Unigene: 73982 Human
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