This gene encodes a GTPase-activating protein (GAP) that is a member of the rhoGAP family of proteins which play a role in the regulation of small GTP-binding proteins. GAP family proteins participate in signaling pathways that regulate cell processes involved in cytoskeletal changes. This gene functions as a tumor suppressor gene in a number of common cancers, including prostate, lung, colorectal, and breast cancers. Multiple transcript variants due to alternative promoters and alternative splicing have been found for this gene.[provided by RefSeq, Apr 2010]
Function:
Functions as a GTPase-activating protein for the small GTPases RHOA, RHOB, RHOC and CDC42, terminating their downstream signaling. This induces morphological changes and detachment through cytoskeletal reorganization, playing a critical role in biological processes such as cell migration and proliferation. Also functions in vivo as an activator of the phospholipase PLCD1. Active DLC1 increases cell migration velocity but reduces directionality.
Subunit:
Interacts with EF1A1, facilitates EF1A1 distribution to the membrane periphery and ruffles upon growth factor stimulation and suppresses cell migration.
Subcellular Location:
Cytoplasm. Cell junction, focal adhesion. Membrane; Peripheral membrane protein. Note=Colocalizes with EF1A1 at actin-rich regions in the cell periphery.
Tissue Specificity:
Highest level of expression in the spleen, with rather lower levels in prostate, testis, ovary, small intestine and colon, but none in the thymus.
Post-translational modifications:
Phosphorylation at Ser-88 appears to control the dimer-monomer transition. According to PubMed:15193260, it is phosphorylated at Ser-88 by PAK1, however, according to PubMed:18650427, the DYNLL1 dimer is not accessible for PAK1 and the phosphorylation could not be demonstrated in vitro.
Similarity:
Contains 1 Rho-GAP domain.
Contains 1 SAM (sterile alpha motif) domain.
Contains 1 START domain.
SWISS:
Q9Y3M8
Gene ID:
90627
Database links:
Entrez Gene: 90627 Human
Omim: 609866 Human
SwissProt: Q9Y3M8 Human
Unigene: 507704 Human
Unigene: 721224 Human
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