Human erythropoietin is member of the EPO/TPO family and encodes a secreted, glycosylated cytokine hormone composed of four alpha helical bundles. The protein is found in the plasma and regulates red cell production by promoting erythroid differentiation and initiating hemoglobin synthesis. This protein also has neuroprotective activity against a variety of potential brain injuries and antiapoptotic functions in several tissue types. It is produced by kidney or liver of adult mammals and by liver of fetal or neonatal mammals.
Function:
Erythropoietin is the principal hormone involved in the regulation of erythrocyte differentiation and the maintenance of a physiological level of circulating erythrocyte mass.
Subcellular Location:
Secreted.
Tissue Specificity:
Produced by kidney or liver of adult mammals and by liver of fetal or neonatal mammals.
DISEASE:
Microvascular complications of diabetes 2 (MVCD2) [MIM:612623]: Pathological conditions that develop in numerous tissues and organs as a consequence of diabetes mellitus. They include diabetic retinopathy, diabetic nephropathy leading to end-stage renal disease, and diabetic neuropathy. Diabetic retinopathy remains the major cause of new-onset blindness among diabetic adults. It is characterized by vascular permeability and increased tissue ischemia and angiogenesis. Note=Disease susceptibility is associated with variations affecting the gene represented in this entry.
Similarity:
Belongs to the EPO/TPO family.
SWISS:
P01588
Gene ID:
2056
Database links:
Entrez Gene: 2056 Human
Entrez Gene: 13856 Mouse
Entrez Gene: 24335 Rat
Omim: 133170 Human
SwissProt: P01588 Human
SwissProt: P07321 Mouse
SwissProt: P29676 Rat
Unigene: 2303 Human
Unigene: 349116 Mouse
Unigene: 11365 Rat
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