Dual specificity phosphatases (DSPs) are a subclass of the protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) gene superfamily, which are selective for dephosphorylating critical phosphothreonine and phosphotyrosine residues within MAP kinases. DSP gene expression is induced by a host of growth factors and/or cellular stresses, thereby negatively regulating MAP kinase superfamily members including MAPK/ERK, SAPK/JNK and p38. The members of the dual-specificity phosphatase protein family include MKP-1/CL100 (3CH134), MKP-2, MKP-3, MKP-4, MKP-5, MKP-6, MKP-7, MKP-X, VHR, VHY, PAC1, hVH-3 (B23), hVH-5, PYST2, DUSP1, DUSP5, DUSP8, PIR1 and SKRP1. DUSP5 is a nuclear phosphoprotein that displays phosphatase activity toward several different substrates. It shows the highest relative activity toward ERK1.
Function:
The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the dual specificity protein phosphatase subfamily. These phosphatases inactivate their target kinases by dephosphorylating both the phosphoserine/threonine and phosphotyrosine residues. They negatively regulate members of the mitogen activated protein (MAP) kinase superfamily (MAPK/ERK, SAPK/JNK, p38), which are associated with cellular proliferation and differentiation. Different members of the family of dual specificity phosphatases show distinct substrate specificities for various MAP kinases, different tissue distribution and subcellular localization, and different modes of inducibility of their expression by extracellular stimuli. This gene product inactivates ERK1, is expressed in a variety of tissues with the highest levels in pancreas and brain, and is localized in the nucleus.
Subcellular Location:
Nuclear.
Similarity:
Belongs to the protein-tyrosine phosphatase family. Non-receptor class dual specificity subfamily.
Contains 1 rhodanese domain.
Contains 1 tyrosine-protein phosphatase domain.
SWISS:
Q16690
Gene ID:
1847
Database links:
Entrez Gene: 1847 Human
Entrez Gene: 48672 Mouse
Entrez Gene: 171109 Rat
Omim: 603069 Human
SwissProt: Q16690 Human
SwissProt: O54838 Rat
Unigene: 2128 Human
Unigene: 10877 Rat
|
|
