Methamphetamine (METH) is closely related chemically to amphetamine (AMPH). METH is a potent central nervous system stimulant with additional peripheral sympathomimetic effects. METH and AMPH have been used clinically in the treatment of obesity, minimal brain dysfunction, narcolepsy, depression and to counter fatigue. They are also subjected to widespread abuse. METH is an indirect agonists. It causes the release of newly synthesized norepinephrine and dopamine and it blocks the re uptake of these transmitters from the synapse. This can lead to an increase in the concentration of catecholamines in the synapse as well as an overall increase in catecholaminergic activity in the brain. The mechanism of METH induced neurotoxicity for all monoaminergic cell types may lie primarily with the dopaminergic system in the striatum. It may also lie with the interaction between METH induced release of dopamine and its ability to inhibit monoamine oxidase.
抗甲基安非他明抗体
过量的使用冰毒可导致急性中毒。严重者出现精神混乱、性欲亢进、焦虑、烦躁、幻觉状态。长期滥用可造成慢性中毒、体重下降、消瘦、溃疡、脓肿、指甲脆化和夜间磨牙。静脉注射方式滥用者可引起各种感染合并症；包括肝炎、细菌性心内膜炎、败血症和艾滋病等。
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