Alpha actinins belong to the spectrin gene superfamily which represents a diverse group of cytoskeletal proteins, including the alpha and beta spectrins and dystrophins. Alpha actinin is an actin-binding protein with multiple roles in different cell types. In nonmuscle cells, the cytoskeletal isoform is found along microfilament bundles and adherens-type junctions, where it is involved in binding actin to the membrane. In contrast, skeletal, cardiac, and smooth muscle isoforms are localized to the Z-disc and analogous dense bodies, where they help anchor the myofibrillar actin filaments. This gene encodes a nonmuscle, cytoskeletal, alpha actinin isoform and maps to the same site as the structurally similar erythroid beta spectrin gene. Three transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
Function:
F-actin cross-linking protein which is thought to anchor actin to a variety of intracellular structures. This is a bundling protein.
Subunit:
Homodimer; antiparallel. Interacts with DDN, MYOZ2, PDLIM2, TTID and LPP. Interacts with PSD. Interacts with MICALL2 (By similarity). Interacts with DNM2 and CTTN (By similarity).
Subcellular Location:
Cytoplasm > cytoskeleton.
Cytoplasm > myofibril > sarcomere > Z line.
Cell membrane.
Cell junction.
Cell projection › ruffle.
Similarity:
Belongs to the alpha-actinin family.
Contains 1 actin-binding domain.
Contains 2 CH (calponin-homology) domains.
Contains 2 EF-hand domains.
Contains 4 spectrin repeats.
SWISS:
P12814
Gene ID:
87
Database links:
Entrez Gene: 87 Human
Entrez Gene: 109711 Mouse
Entrez Gene: 81634 Rat
Omim: 102575 Human
SwissProt: P12814 Human
SwissProt: Q7TPR4 Mouse
SwissProt: Q9Z1P2 Rat
Unigene:
509765 Human
Unigene: 253564 Mouse
Unigene: 403477 Mouse
Unigene: 1281 Rat
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